Table 1 Characteristics of the volleyball athletes (n = 271)
Variables | Controls (n = 125) | Tendinopathy (n = 146) | p-valuea | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age group | n (%) | |||
Sub - 18 | 47 (37.6) | 14 (9.6) | < 0.001 | 1b |
Sub - 23 | 40 (32.0) | 33 (22.6) | 2.77 (1.30–5.89) | |
Adult | 38 (30.4) | 99 (67.8) | 8.75 (4.33–17.69) | |
Gender | ||||
Female | 52 (41.6) | 29 (19.9) | < 0.001 | 1b |
Male | 73 (58.4) | 117 (80.1) | 2.87 (1.67–4.93) | |
Ethnicityc | ||||
White | 67 (74.4) | 36 (85.7) | 0.41 | 1b |
Intermediate | 5 (5.6) | 2 (4.8) | 0.74 (0.14–4.03) | |
Black | 18 (20.0) | 4 (9.5) | 0.41 (0.13–1.31) | |
Years of practice in volleyball | ||||
0–5 | 45 (36.0) | 17 (11.6) | < 0.001 | 1b |
6–10 | 46 (36.8) | 40 (27.4) | 2.30 (1.14–4.64) | |
11–15 | 22 (17.6) | 51 (34.9) | 6.14 (2.90–12.98) | |
> 15 | 12 (9.6) | 38 (26.1) | 8.38 (3.56–19.73) | |
Declared preference | ||||
Right | 120 (96.0) | 141 (96.6) | 0.53 | 1b |
Left | 5 (4.0) | 5 (3.4) | 0.85 (0.24–3.01) | |
Function | ||||
Spiker | 90 (72.0) | 115 (78.8) | 0.34 | 1b |
Setter | 22 (17.6) | 22 (15.1) | 0.78 (0.41–1.50) | |
Libero | 13 (10.4) | 9 (6.1) | 0.54 (0.22–1.32) | |
Traumatic lesion | ||||
No | 85 (68.0) | 88 (60.3) | 0.23 | 1b |
Yes | 40 (32.0) | 58 (39.7) | 1.40 (0.85–2.31) | |
Tendon pain | ||||
No | 47 (37.6) | 14 (9.6) | < 0.001 | 1b |
Yes | 78 (62.4) | 132 (90.4) | 5.68 (2.94–10.98) | |
Away from training due pain | ||||
No | 91 (72.8) | 80 (54.8) | 0.003 | 1b |
Yes | 34 (27.2) | 66 (45.2) | 2.21 (1.32–3.68) | |