Table 2 Differential gene expression of Caco-2 cells cocultured with EcN.
| Â | Â | Â | Fold changea | Â | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Functional category | Gene symbol | GB Acc. No.b | Chip 1 | Chip 2 | Description and/or putative function |
Immune response | MCP-1 (CCL2) | S69738.1 | 11.1 | 3.1 | Enhances the inflammatory response, upregulated by IL1α and TNFα |
| Â | CD9 | NM_001769.1 | 1.7 | 3.6 | Involved in platelet activation and aggregation; expressed in hematopoetic and epithelial cells |
|  | MIP-2α (CXCL2) | M57731.1 | 4.4 | 8.1 | Produced by activated monocytes, expressed at inflammation sites, up-regulated by IL1α and TNFα |
|  | MIP-2β (CXCL3) | NM_002090.1 | 6.5 | 10.4 | Plays a role in inflammation, autocrine effect on endothelial cells |
| Â | NK4 | NM_004221.1 | -1.7 | -2.5 | May play a role in lymphocyte acitivation, angiogenesis inhibitor, putative therapeutic agent for gastric cancer |
Signaling | AGT | NM_000029.1 | 1.7 | 2.6 | Serine protease inhibitor |
| Â | CNIH | NM_005776.1 | 2.6 | 6.9 | EGF-signaling in oocyte |
| Â | DUSP5 | U16996.1 | 13.1 | 3.4 | Hydrolase, negative feedback role in IL-2 signaling, deactivation of mitogen- or stress-activated protein kinases |
|  | ID2 | NM_002166.1 | 2.8 | 4.2 | Essential for constitution of the intestinal mucosal barrier, is downregulated by TGFβ |
| Â | IFNGR2 | NM_005534.1 | 1.8 | 2.4 | Protein translocator |
|  | NFκBIA | AI078167 | 6.3 | 3.3 | Downregulation of NF-κB activity, contributed in Crohn's disease |
|  | NFκBIE | NM_004556.1 | 3.3 | 2.1 | Inhibits NF-κB |
|  | PRDX4 | NM_006406.1 | 1.7 | 3.6 | Regulates the activation of NF-κB by modulation of IκBα phosphorylation |
|  | DDIT (RTP801) | NM_019058.1 | 20.9 | 4.0 | HIF-1α responsive proapoptotic protein |
|  | TNFαIP3 | NM_006290.1 | 4.3 | 3.3 | Interacts with NAF1 and inhibits TNF-induced NF-κB dependent gene expression |
| Â | SFN | X57348 | -1.6 | -2.2 | Exonuclease specific for small oligoribonucleotides, sensitive epithelial marker |
Transcription and translation | ELF3 | U73844.1 | 3.3 | 1.8 | Epithelial specific ets transcription factor, regulates MIP3α expression which is NF-κB dependent |
| Â | ILF3 | BC003086.1 | -4.3 | -2.0 | May faciliate ds RNA-regulated gene expression |
|  | TIEG | NM_005655.1 | 2.5 | 44.7 | Krüppel-like transcription factor, up-regulated by TGFβ |
| Â | XBP1 | NM_005080.1 | 2.5 | 2.7 | May act as transcription factor in B-cells |
Apoptosis | BNIP3 | U15174.1 | 3.0 | 2.7 | Apoptosis inducing protein, binding to BCL2 |
Differentiation | NDRG1 | NM_006096.1 | 2.4 | 6.8 | Growth inhibitory role, induced app. 20 × during in vitro differentiation of Caco-2 |
Proliferation | EMP3 | NM_001425.1 | -2.2 | -4.4 | Probably involved in cell proliferation |
| Â | VEGF | H95344 | 2.1 | 2.2 | Induced by mek1, role of vascular endothelial growth factor in IBD |