| Cases (n = 411) | Controls (n = 511) | Combined (n = 922) |
---|---|---|---|
Mean age | 43.54 ± 11.36 | 45.68 ± 12.86 | 44.68 ± 12.22 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.90 ± 6.82 | 27.34 ± 6.59 | 27.14 ± 6.70 |
Current and/or Former Smoker (%) | 37.84% | 40.29% | 39.23% |
PON activity (in units/liter)* | 613.88 ± 412.94 | 709.85 ± 496.39 | 671.44 ± 466.87 |
SLE manifestations (%)** | Â | Â | Â |
   Skin rash (malar and/or discoid) | 55% | - | - |
   Photosensitivity | 63% | - | - |
   Oral ulcers | 54% | - | - |
   Serositis (pleuritis or pericarditis) | 44% | - | - |
   Renal involvement | 30% | - | - |
   Hematologic involvement*** | 54% | - | - |
   Immunologic involvement**** | 72% | - | - |
   Cardiac and vascular events***** | 33% | - | - |