| Males | Females | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | (N = 525) | (N = 835) | (N = 1360) | |||
 | n | % | n | % | n | % |
Hypertension | 200 | 38.10 | 340 | 40.72 | 540 | 39.71 |
Diabetes | 77 | 14.67 | 109 | 13.05 | 186 | 13.68 |
Coronary artery disease* | 80 | 15.24 | 164 | 19.64 | 244 | 17.94 |
Ever smoking | 217 | 41.33 | 256 | 30.66 | 473 | 34.78 |
≥ High School Education | 266 | 50.67 | 399 | 47.78 | 665 | 48.9 |
Enrolled in the DR | 164 | 31.24 | 262 | 31.38 | 426 | 31.32 |
 | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
Age | 44.59 ± 17.21 | 47.10 ± 17.24 | 46.13 ± 17.26 | |||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.44 ± 5.34 | 28.98 ± 6.06 | 28.77 ± 5.80 | |||
Waist circumference (inch) | 37.99 ± 5.18 | 35.57 ± 5.60 | 36.50 ± 5.57 | |||
Triceps skinfold thickness (mm) | 21.12 ± 10.89 | 30.68 ± 10.62 | 27.00 ± 11.69 | |||
Fast glucose (mg/dl) | 94.92 ± 44.12 | 89.38 ± 31.62 | 91.52 ± 37.04 | |||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 183.31 ± 44.25 | 186.97 ± 40.58 | 185.56 ± 42.05 | |||
LDL (mg/dl) | 110.76 ± 35.64 | 110.52 ± 34.96 | 110.61 ± 35.21 | |||
HDL (mg/dl) | 44.80 ± 11.77 | 53.34 ± 13.55 | 50.05 ± 13.55 | |||
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 141.95 ± 116.77 | 115.46 ± 67.09 | 125.66 ± 90.43 | |||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124.18 ± 18.05 | 120.35 ± 20.69 | 121.82 ± 19.80 | |||
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.05 ± 10.84 | 75.78 ± 10.38 | 77.04 ± 10.68 | |||
Left ventricular mass | 201.42 ± 60.88 | 158.15 ± 45.65 | 174.85 ± 56.14 |